Tuesday, December 02, 2003
Back to MRCPsych revision
Neurotic, Somatoform & Anxiety Disorders
1. Features of PTSD include flash backs T
2. Features of PTSD include ideas of reference F
3. Features of PTSD include emotional numbing T
4. Features of PTSD include hyper vigilance T
5. Features of PTSD include patchy amnesia T
6. Obsessions in OCD may present as mental images T
7. Obsessions in OCD may present as primary slowness T
8. Obsessions in OCD may present as hallucinations F
9. Obsessions in OCD may present as delusions F
10. Obsessions in OCD may present as panic attacks F
11. Imprinting plays a role in the development of Phobias F
12. Loss of internal object control plays a role in the development of Phobias T
13. Preparedness plays a role in the development of Phobias T
14. Avoidance plays a role in the development of Phobias T
15. Learned helplessness plays a role in the development of Phobias F
16. Habituation plays a role in the development of Phobias F
According to preparedness theory, things feared may have once been potentially dangerous for the human race. This applies to phobias to small animals, illness or injury, thunderstorm, height, strangers, water & to situations such as being away from a safe place & being rejected by people. By extension it may also apply to the fear of flying, to sexual fears & to things associated with illness such as vomiting & needles. Phobias are generally considered to be learned fears acquired through direct conditioning, vicarious learning or the transmission of information or instruction.
17. Depersonalisation can be triggered by high anxiety T
18. Depersonalisation can be accompanied by changes in affect T
19. In depersonalisation the environment seems to have changed F
20. Depersonalisation can be pleasant F
21. Depersonalisation the time seems to pass slowly T
Depersonalisation occurs in organic disorders particularly TLE, hysterical dissociation, and depression. Depersonalisation can be described with other symptoms such as disturbance of body image, disturbance of subjective time sense, hypochondriacal preoccupation, déjà vu, metamorphsia & autoscopia. These should be considered as separate phenomena. True depersonalisation syndrome occurs in schizophrenia it is commonly described in manic-depressive disorder (only occurs in the depressive phase). Roth described phobic anxiety depersonalisation syndrome & saw it as a form of anxiety neurosis .It is also seen in panic disorders & anankastic PD.
Depersonalisation & derealisation syndrome commonly occur together. The patient can assess time span accurately & there is no loss of memory. However, he has no feeling that time is passing or things are happening.
22. Obsessions are ego alien (ego dystonic) T
23. Obsessions are usually followed by compulsive acts F
24. Obsessions can be seen as overvalued ideas F
25. Obsessions are usually ego syntonic F
26. Obsessions are usually ego syntonic F
27. Obsessions are easily differentiated from ruminations F
28. OCD has a genetic base T
29. OCD is commonly associated with depression T
30. OCD is more common in men F
31. In OCD counting is more frequent in women F
32. Affected children with OCD show slow movements F
33. Fugue states arise suddenly & dramatically T
34. Fugue states rarely last more than 2 weeks T
35. Fugue states are associated with intermittent amnesia F
36. Fugue states are often precipitated by emotional events T
37. Disorientation is a recognised feature in fugue states F
38. Agoraphobias occur in women mainly before the age of 35 T
39. Agoraphobias do not occur in men F
40. Agoraphobia is specific to open spaces F
41. Agoraphobias is associated with marital difficulties F
42. Agoraphobias frequently associated with overvalued ideas F
43. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include marital history F
44. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include social class F
45. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include school attainment F
46. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include detailed account of onset T
47. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include alcohol intake T
48. Phobias are entirely irrational F
49. Phobias are worst in trains than cars T
50. Phobias are commoner in women T
51. Phobias can be explained by preparedness T
52. In cases of phobias avoidance leads to incubation T
53. Dissociative states include automatic writing T
54. Dissociative states include Fugue T
55. Dissociative states include night terror F
56. Dissociative states include autoscopy F
57. Dissociative states include Royal free disease F
58. Cognitive model of anxiety applicable only to people with high IQ F
59. Cognitive model of anxiety was described by Seligman F
60. Cognitive model of anxiety involve relaxation training F
61. Anger can be a symptom a symptoms of PTSD T
62. Decreased concentration is a symptoms of PTSD T
63. Symptoms of PTSD may appear several months after the trauma
64. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include subjective dyspnoea T
65. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include digital parasthaesia T
66. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include intentional tremor F
67. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include fasciculation F
68. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include diplopia F
69. Multiple personality is a dissociative state T
70. Withdrawal in Schizophrenia is a dissociative state F
71. The surroundings seem far away & strange in depersonalisation F
72. Depersonalisation can be an aura of temporal lobe epilepsy T
73. Encephalitis lethargica may lead to OCD T
74. OCD Is observed to be more common in parents of probands compared with general population T
75. OCD is ego dystonic T
76. Nortriptyline is as effective as fluoxetine in the treatment of OCD F
77. Minimisation is used as a cognitive tool in the treatment of OCD F
Typified by ego dystonic (the thoughts are unexpected & outside the patients control) obsessive thoughts & rituals. These include fears of contamination, pathologic doubt, need for symmetry & aggressive thoughts .The most common compulsions are checking, washing, counting, need to ask/confess, symmetry & precision. Treatment of choice is either CBT + SSRI or SSRI alone. Only 40-60 % of patients improve with drug treatment. Obsessional rituals may be amenable to exposure & response prevention techniques. Obsessional thoughts may be helped by thought stopping techniques.
78. Agoraphobia can coexist with claustrophobia T
79. Agoraphobia frequently occurs with panic disorders T
80. In Agoraphobia peak onset usually occur in the 5th decade F
81. Agoraphobia is mainly a fear of empty open spaces F
82. Frank panic attacks are rare in Agoraphobia F
Agoraphobia generally embraces fears of open spaces, crowds travelling alone or away from home. It can occur in a variety of settings. Often sufferers are incapacitated & become house bound. Avoidance is a prominent feature. Sufferers are usually women & peak onset is in early adult life (late 20s & 30s). Panic disorder is very common & agoraphobia in ICD 10 is coded separately for with & without panic attacks
83. In social phobias alcohol abuse is a problem T
84. In social phobias avoidance of situations is used less commonly than in other phobias F
85. social phobia is commoner in women than men F
86. In social phobias the Onset usually peaks in middle age F
87. symptoms of anxiety include parasthaesia T
88. symptoms of anxiety include urinary incontinence F
89. symptoms of anxiety include myoclonic jerks F
90. symptoms of anxiety include vertigo F
91. symptoms of anxiety include dyspnoea T
92. PTSD can not be diagnosed more than 6 months after the causative event F
93. PTSD can be caused by emotionally charged repetitive dreams F
94. In PTSD there may be outbursts of aggression as part of the symptom complex T
95. PTSD is known in some cases to become chronic & show transition to enduring personality change T
96. PTSD is associated with emotional blunting T
97. Dissociative fugue is a type of factitious disorder F
98. In dissociative fugue secondary gain must be demonstrated to make the diagnosis F
99. Dissociative fugue typically resolve within weeks T
100. Dissociative fugue Needs to include dissociative amnesia for definite diagnosis T
101. In dissociative fugue Basic self care & social interaction are maintained T
102. Depersonalisation is ego syntonic F
103. Depersonalisation is always associated with a change in mood T
104. Depersonalisation occurs as a result of projective identification F
105. Depersonalisation can be precipitated by cannabis T
106. When associated with neurosis depersonalisation typically relieves anxiety F
107. Stupor should be relabelled as coma if the patient is incontinent F
108. Stupor is compatible with consciousness T
109. Stupor can follow acute stress T
110. Stupor is inevitably associated with amnesia for the stuporose period F
111. Stupor may be preceded by a manic episode T
112. Anxiety duration of up to 6 hours increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of panic disorder In patients complaining of anxiety F
113. The feeling of imminent death increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of panic disorder In patients complaining of anxiety
114. phobic avoidance of crowds In patients complaining of anxiety increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of panic disorder F
115. PTSD have been shown to be effectively prevented by post disaster counselling F
116. PTSD has typically an acute onset F
117. Symptoms of PTSD are more likely to occur following man made disasters rather than natural T
118. Symptoms of PTSD may include psychogenic amnesia F
119. Symptoms of PTSD have to occur within 6 months of event for ICD 10 diagnosis F
120. Projection plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms T
121. Denial plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms T
122. Reaction formation plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms
123. Introjection plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms F
124. Ambivalence plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms F
125. Agoraphobia accounts for 50-60 % patients with phobic disorders seen by psychiatrists T
126. In phobic disorders free floating anxiety is always present F
127. In phobic disorders there may be a coexisting OCD T
128. In social phobias 60 % of patients are female F
129. Diffuse animal phobias are found in adults T
130. Thought alienation is characteristic of OCD F
131. Perseveration is characteristic of OCD F
132. Thought echo is characteristic of OCD F
133. Psychomotor retardation is characteristic of OCD F
134. Thought block is characteristic of OCD F
135. Escape conditioning plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia T
136. Sensitisation plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia T
137. Preparedness plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia F
138. Implosion plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia F
139. Modelling plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia
140. There is usually loss of personal identity in fugue state T
141. Fugue state involves wandering away from home T
142. Animal phobias are commonly associate with social phobias F
143. In Animal phobias there is a sustained increase in autonomic arousal F
144. There is an increased incidence of depression in patients with Animal phobias F
145. Animal phobias may be effectively treated with behavioural therapy T
146. Animal phobias usually arise in late adolescence F
147. Physiological features of panic attacks include urinary incontinence F
148. Physiological features of panic attacks include fears of impending loss of control T
149. Physiological features of panic attacks include inability to remember the event F
150. Physiological features of panic attacks include perception of the situation as threatening T
151. Obsessional thoughts are recognised as originating from outside F
152. Obsessional thoughts can be overvalued ideas F
153. Obsessional thoughts may be found in normal people T
154. Obsessional thoughts are typically followed by rituals F
155. Agoraphobia frequently occur with panic disorders T
156. Agoraphobia frequently occur with claustrophobia F
157. Agoraphobia is often associated with depression T
158. Agoraphobia is mainly a fear of empty & open spaces F
159. Agoraphobia occur usually in the 5th decade F
160. During an attack of depersonalisation anxiety tend to diminish F
161. During an attack of depersonalisation Perception may be altered T
162. During an attack of depersonalisation visual hallucinations are common F
163. During an attack of depersonalisation excess of autonomic arousal is not constantly detected by psychological measurements T
164. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to urinary incontinence F
165. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to tingling in the fingers T
166. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to profuse salivation F
167. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to Carpo- pedal spasm T
168. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to Convulsion F
169. In post traumatic concussional state most symptoms remit within 6 months F
170. In post traumatic concussional state there is increased sensitivity to light F
171. Post traumatic concussional state Is invariably associated with litigation F
172. Post traumatic concussional state generally associated with severe compound fractures F
173. Post traumatic concussional Is synonymous with PTSD F
174. The ICD 10 requires several severe attacks of autonomic anxiety to have occurred within a month for a definite diagnosis of panic disorders T
175. A characteristic age of onset for social phobias is adolescent T
176. In somatisation disorder the reported physical symptoms are multiple & frequently changing T
177. Inability to feel emotions is a feature of PTSD T
178. There is usually an interval of 6 months between a stressful event & the onset of PTSD F
179. OCD rituals are more likely to be concerned with hygiene rather than religion T
180. The great majority of animal phobias start before the age of seven T
181. OCD often coexist with Tourette’s syndrome T
182. Simple phobias are often acquired following a single successful traumatic event T
183. Simple phobias are treated with systemic desensitisation T
184. Obsessive compulsive phenomena are typically viewed by the subject as senseless T
185. Perceptual vigilance is typically reduced in anxiety state F
186. Agoraphobia generally has a good prognosis F agoraphobia lasting more than a year changes little in the next 5 years
187. Panic attacks may be better treated with infusion of sodium lactate F it precipitates panic attacks
188. Simple phobias are associate with Mitral valve prolapse F panic disorder is associate with MVP
189. ICD 10 diagnosis of PTSD requires that symptoms arise within 6 months of traumatic event T
190. Difficulty in exhaling is a somatic symptom of anxiety F
191. Phobias are not under voluntary control T
192. Simple phobias generally begin in adolescence F childhood,
193. Marital problems are common among people with agoraphobias than other people of other background F
194. In Obsessional rituals there is an increased anxiety associated with the failure of the patient to perform the ritual T
195. Conversion symptoms are produced deliberately by the patient F
196. The presence of physical injury decreases the chances of a person developing PTSD F
197. Post disaster debriefing has been proven to be effective in preventing the later development of PTSD F
198. Gastro- intestinal symptoms are the most common symptoms seen in hypochondriasis
199. In phobias fear is in proportion to the demands of the situation F out of proportion
200. Obsessional thoughts may be delusional F
Overweight people tend to eat more in situations of low anxiety as compared to normal weight subjects who eat more in situations of high anxiety F overweight people eat more in high anxiety situations & in response to external cues.
201. Early morning wakening is a feature of generalised anxiety disorder F
202. Avoidance & anticipatory anxiety are characteristic feature of phobic disorder T
203. The prevalence of OCD is equal in male & female T
204. Dissociative disorders has a mean age of onset of 50 F
205. People who suffer from PTSD have increased rates of DSH & substance abuse T
206. Somatisation in females is associated with alcoholism in male relatives
207. Panic disorder has the highest co morbidity with depression
208. Insight is preserved in OCD T
209. Performance of rituals does not result in pleasure T
Neurotic, Somatoform & Anxiety Disorders
1. Features of PTSD include flash backs T
2. Features of PTSD include ideas of reference F
3. Features of PTSD include emotional numbing T
4. Features of PTSD include hyper vigilance T
5. Features of PTSD include patchy amnesia T
6. Obsessions in OCD may present as mental images T
7. Obsessions in OCD may present as primary slowness T
8. Obsessions in OCD may present as hallucinations F
9. Obsessions in OCD may present as delusions F
10. Obsessions in OCD may present as panic attacks F
11. Imprinting plays a role in the development of Phobias F
12. Loss of internal object control plays a role in the development of Phobias T
13. Preparedness plays a role in the development of Phobias T
14. Avoidance plays a role in the development of Phobias T
15. Learned helplessness plays a role in the development of Phobias F
16. Habituation plays a role in the development of Phobias F
According to preparedness theory, things feared may have once been potentially dangerous for the human race. This applies to phobias to small animals, illness or injury, thunderstorm, height, strangers, water & to situations such as being away from a safe place & being rejected by people. By extension it may also apply to the fear of flying, to sexual fears & to things associated with illness such as vomiting & needles. Phobias are generally considered to be learned fears acquired through direct conditioning, vicarious learning or the transmission of information or instruction.
17. Depersonalisation can be triggered by high anxiety T
18. Depersonalisation can be accompanied by changes in affect T
19. In depersonalisation the environment seems to have changed F
20. Depersonalisation can be pleasant F
21. Depersonalisation the time seems to pass slowly T
Depersonalisation occurs in organic disorders particularly TLE, hysterical dissociation, and depression. Depersonalisation can be described with other symptoms such as disturbance of body image, disturbance of subjective time sense, hypochondriacal preoccupation, déjà vu, metamorphsia & autoscopia. These should be considered as separate phenomena. True depersonalisation syndrome occurs in schizophrenia it is commonly described in manic-depressive disorder (only occurs in the depressive phase). Roth described phobic anxiety depersonalisation syndrome & saw it as a form of anxiety neurosis .It is also seen in panic disorders & anankastic PD.
Depersonalisation & derealisation syndrome commonly occur together. The patient can assess time span accurately & there is no loss of memory. However, he has no feeling that time is passing or things are happening.
22. Obsessions are ego alien (ego dystonic) T
23. Obsessions are usually followed by compulsive acts F
24. Obsessions can be seen as overvalued ideas F
25. Obsessions are usually ego syntonic F
26. Obsessions are usually ego syntonic F
27. Obsessions are easily differentiated from ruminations F
28. OCD has a genetic base T
29. OCD is commonly associated with depression T
30. OCD is more common in men F
31. In OCD counting is more frequent in women F
32. Affected children with OCD show slow movements F
33. Fugue states arise suddenly & dramatically T
34. Fugue states rarely last more than 2 weeks T
35. Fugue states are associated with intermittent amnesia F
36. Fugue states are often precipitated by emotional events T
37. Disorientation is a recognised feature in fugue states F
38. Agoraphobias occur in women mainly before the age of 35 T
39. Agoraphobias do not occur in men F
40. Agoraphobia is specific to open spaces F
41. Agoraphobias is associated with marital difficulties F
42. Agoraphobias frequently associated with overvalued ideas F
43. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include marital history F
44. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include social class F
45. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include school attainment F
46. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include detailed account of onset T
47. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobic patients include alcohol intake T
48. Phobias are entirely irrational F
49. Phobias are worst in trains than cars T
50. Phobias are commoner in women T
51. Phobias can be explained by preparedness T
52. In cases of phobias avoidance leads to incubation T
53. Dissociative states include automatic writing T
54. Dissociative states include Fugue T
55. Dissociative states include night terror F
56. Dissociative states include autoscopy F
57. Dissociative states include Royal free disease F
58. Cognitive model of anxiety applicable only to people with high IQ F
59. Cognitive model of anxiety was described by Seligman F
60. Cognitive model of anxiety involve relaxation training F
61. Anger can be a symptom a symptoms of PTSD T
62. Decreased concentration is a symptoms of PTSD T
63. Symptoms of PTSD may appear several months after the trauma
64. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include subjective dyspnoea T
65. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include digital parasthaesia T
66. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include intentional tremor F
67. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include fasciculation F
68. Signs & symptoms of anxiety include diplopia F
69. Multiple personality is a dissociative state T
70. Withdrawal in Schizophrenia is a dissociative state F
71. The surroundings seem far away & strange in depersonalisation F
72. Depersonalisation can be an aura of temporal lobe epilepsy T
73. Encephalitis lethargica may lead to OCD T
74. OCD Is observed to be more common in parents of probands compared with general population T
75. OCD is ego dystonic T
76. Nortriptyline is as effective as fluoxetine in the treatment of OCD F
77. Minimisation is used as a cognitive tool in the treatment of OCD F
Typified by ego dystonic (the thoughts are unexpected & outside the patients control) obsessive thoughts & rituals. These include fears of contamination, pathologic doubt, need for symmetry & aggressive thoughts .The most common compulsions are checking, washing, counting, need to ask/confess, symmetry & precision. Treatment of choice is either CBT + SSRI or SSRI alone. Only 40-60 % of patients improve with drug treatment. Obsessional rituals may be amenable to exposure & response prevention techniques. Obsessional thoughts may be helped by thought stopping techniques.
78. Agoraphobia can coexist with claustrophobia T
79. Agoraphobia frequently occurs with panic disorders T
80. In Agoraphobia peak onset usually occur in the 5th decade F
81. Agoraphobia is mainly a fear of empty open spaces F
82. Frank panic attacks are rare in Agoraphobia F
Agoraphobia generally embraces fears of open spaces, crowds travelling alone or away from home. It can occur in a variety of settings. Often sufferers are incapacitated & become house bound. Avoidance is a prominent feature. Sufferers are usually women & peak onset is in early adult life (late 20s & 30s). Panic disorder is very common & agoraphobia in ICD 10 is coded separately for with & without panic attacks
83. In social phobias alcohol abuse is a problem T
84. In social phobias avoidance of situations is used less commonly than in other phobias F
85. social phobia is commoner in women than men F
86. In social phobias the Onset usually peaks in middle age F
87. symptoms of anxiety include parasthaesia T
88. symptoms of anxiety include urinary incontinence F
89. symptoms of anxiety include myoclonic jerks F
90. symptoms of anxiety include vertigo F
91. symptoms of anxiety include dyspnoea T
92. PTSD can not be diagnosed more than 6 months after the causative event F
93. PTSD can be caused by emotionally charged repetitive dreams F
94. In PTSD there may be outbursts of aggression as part of the symptom complex T
95. PTSD is known in some cases to become chronic & show transition to enduring personality change T
96. PTSD is associated with emotional blunting T
97. Dissociative fugue is a type of factitious disorder F
98. In dissociative fugue secondary gain must be demonstrated to make the diagnosis F
99. Dissociative fugue typically resolve within weeks T
100. Dissociative fugue Needs to include dissociative amnesia for definite diagnosis T
101. In dissociative fugue Basic self care & social interaction are maintained T
102. Depersonalisation is ego syntonic F
103. Depersonalisation is always associated with a change in mood T
104. Depersonalisation occurs as a result of projective identification F
105. Depersonalisation can be precipitated by cannabis T
106. When associated with neurosis depersonalisation typically relieves anxiety F
107. Stupor should be relabelled as coma if the patient is incontinent F
108. Stupor is compatible with consciousness T
109. Stupor can follow acute stress T
110. Stupor is inevitably associated with amnesia for the stuporose period F
111. Stupor may be preceded by a manic episode T
112. Anxiety duration of up to 6 hours increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of panic disorder In patients complaining of anxiety F
113. The feeling of imminent death increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of panic disorder In patients complaining of anxiety
114. phobic avoidance of crowds In patients complaining of anxiety increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of panic disorder F
115. PTSD have been shown to be effectively prevented by post disaster counselling F
116. PTSD has typically an acute onset F
117. Symptoms of PTSD are more likely to occur following man made disasters rather than natural T
118. Symptoms of PTSD may include psychogenic amnesia F
119. Symptoms of PTSD have to occur within 6 months of event for ICD 10 diagnosis F
120. Projection plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms T
121. Denial plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms T
122. Reaction formation plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms
123. Introjection plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms F
124. Ambivalence plays an essential part in the production of hysterical conversion symptoms F
125. Agoraphobia accounts for 50-60 % patients with phobic disorders seen by psychiatrists T
126. In phobic disorders free floating anxiety is always present F
127. In phobic disorders there may be a coexisting OCD T
128. In social phobias 60 % of patients are female F
129. Diffuse animal phobias are found in adults T
130. Thought alienation is characteristic of OCD F
131. Perseveration is characteristic of OCD F
132. Thought echo is characteristic of OCD F
133. Psychomotor retardation is characteristic of OCD F
134. Thought block is characteristic of OCD F
135. Escape conditioning plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia T
136. Sensitisation plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia T
137. Preparedness plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia F
138. Implosion plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia F
139. Modelling plays a role in the genesis & maintenance of agoraphobia
140. There is usually loss of personal identity in fugue state T
141. Fugue state involves wandering away from home T
142. Animal phobias are commonly associate with social phobias F
143. In Animal phobias there is a sustained increase in autonomic arousal F
144. There is an increased incidence of depression in patients with Animal phobias F
145. Animal phobias may be effectively treated with behavioural therapy T
146. Animal phobias usually arise in late adolescence F
147. Physiological features of panic attacks include urinary incontinence F
148. Physiological features of panic attacks include fears of impending loss of control T
149. Physiological features of panic attacks include inability to remember the event F
150. Physiological features of panic attacks include perception of the situation as threatening T
151. Obsessional thoughts are recognised as originating from outside F
152. Obsessional thoughts can be overvalued ideas F
153. Obsessional thoughts may be found in normal people T
154. Obsessional thoughts are typically followed by rituals F
155. Agoraphobia frequently occur with panic disorders T
156. Agoraphobia frequently occur with claustrophobia F
157. Agoraphobia is often associated with depression T
158. Agoraphobia is mainly a fear of empty & open spaces F
159. Agoraphobia occur usually in the 5th decade F
160. During an attack of depersonalisation anxiety tend to diminish F
161. During an attack of depersonalisation Perception may be altered T
162. During an attack of depersonalisation visual hallucinations are common F
163. During an attack of depersonalisation excess of autonomic arousal is not constantly detected by psychological measurements T
164. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to urinary incontinence F
165. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to tingling in the fingers T
166. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to profuse salivation F
167. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to Carpo- pedal spasm T
168. Over breathing during an episode of anxiety may lead to Convulsion F
169. In post traumatic concussional state most symptoms remit within 6 months F
170. In post traumatic concussional state there is increased sensitivity to light F
171. Post traumatic concussional state Is invariably associated with litigation F
172. Post traumatic concussional state generally associated with severe compound fractures F
173. Post traumatic concussional Is synonymous with PTSD F
174. The ICD 10 requires several severe attacks of autonomic anxiety to have occurred within a month for a definite diagnosis of panic disorders T
175. A characteristic age of onset for social phobias is adolescent T
176. In somatisation disorder the reported physical symptoms are multiple & frequently changing T
177. Inability to feel emotions is a feature of PTSD T
178. There is usually an interval of 6 months between a stressful event & the onset of PTSD F
179. OCD rituals are more likely to be concerned with hygiene rather than religion T
180. The great majority of animal phobias start before the age of seven T
181. OCD often coexist with Tourette’s syndrome T
182. Simple phobias are often acquired following a single successful traumatic event T
183. Simple phobias are treated with systemic desensitisation T
184. Obsessive compulsive phenomena are typically viewed by the subject as senseless T
185. Perceptual vigilance is typically reduced in anxiety state F
186. Agoraphobia generally has a good prognosis F agoraphobia lasting more than a year changes little in the next 5 years
187. Panic attacks may be better treated with infusion of sodium lactate F it precipitates panic attacks
188. Simple phobias are associate with Mitral valve prolapse F panic disorder is associate with MVP
189. ICD 10 diagnosis of PTSD requires that symptoms arise within 6 months of traumatic event T
190. Difficulty in exhaling is a somatic symptom of anxiety F
191. Phobias are not under voluntary control T
192. Simple phobias generally begin in adolescence F childhood,
193. Marital problems are common among people with agoraphobias than other people of other background F
194. In Obsessional rituals there is an increased anxiety associated with the failure of the patient to perform the ritual T
195. Conversion symptoms are produced deliberately by the patient F
196. The presence of physical injury decreases the chances of a person developing PTSD F
197. Post disaster debriefing has been proven to be effective in preventing the later development of PTSD F
198. Gastro- intestinal symptoms are the most common symptoms seen in hypochondriasis
199. In phobias fear is in proportion to the demands of the situation F out of proportion
200. Obsessional thoughts may be delusional F
Overweight people tend to eat more in situations of low anxiety as compared to normal weight subjects who eat more in situations of high anxiety F overweight people eat more in high anxiety situations & in response to external cues.
201. Early morning wakening is a feature of generalised anxiety disorder F
202. Avoidance & anticipatory anxiety are characteristic feature of phobic disorder T
203. The prevalence of OCD is equal in male & female T
204. Dissociative disorders has a mean age of onset of 50 F
205. People who suffer from PTSD have increased rates of DSH & substance abuse T
206. Somatisation in females is associated with alcoholism in male relatives
207. Panic disorder has the highest co morbidity with depression
208. Insight is preserved in OCD T
209. Performance of rituals does not result in pleasure T
